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novelty detection
Novelty detection is the identification of new or unknown data that a machine learning system has not been trained with and was not previously aware of,〔M. Markou, S. Singh, Novelty detection: A review, part 1: Statistical approaches, Signal Processing 83, 2481–2497, 2003〕 with the help of either statistical or machine learning based approaches.
Novelty detection is one of the fundamental requirements of a good classification system.〔 A machine learning system can never be trained with all the possible object classes and hence the performance of the network will be poor for those classes that are under-represented in the training set.〔(Novelty Detection in Learning Systems.Stephen Marsland, Division of Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering, Stopford Building, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK. )〕 A good classification system must have the ability to differentiate between known and unknown objects during testing.〔 For this purpose, different models for novelty detection have been proposed.
Novelty detection is a hard problem in machine learning since it depends on the statistics of the already known information. A generally applicable, parameter-free method for outlier detection in a high-dimensional space is not yet known. Novelty detection finds a variety of applications especially in signal processing, computer vision, pattern recognition, data mining and robotics.〔 Another important application is the detection of a disease or potential fault whose class may be under-represented in the training set.〔
The statistical approaches to novelty detection may be classified into parametric and non-parametric approaches. Parametric approaches assume a specific statistical distribution (such as a Gaussian distribution) of data and statistical modeling based on data mean and covariance, whereas non-parametric approaches do not make any assumption on the statistical properties of data.〔
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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